{"id":10197,"date":"2016-12-06T14:42:53","date_gmt":"2016-12-06T14:42:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bioecoactual.com\/2016\/12\/06\/l-efectivitat-o-no-de-l-impost-a-les-begudes-ensucrades\/"},"modified":"2017-03-30T08:12:22","modified_gmt":"2017-03-30T08:12:22","slug":"l-efectivitat-o-no-de-l-impost-a-les-begudes-ensucrades","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bioecoactual.com\/ca\/2016\/12\/06\/l-efectivitat-o-no-de-l-impost-a-les-begudes-ensucrades\/","title":{"rendered":"L’efectivitat o no de l’impost a les begudes ensucrades"},"content":{"rendered":"

VSF Justicia Alimentaria Global 06\/12\/2016
<\/a><\/strong><\/em>L’efectivitat o no de l’impost a les begudes ensucrades.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Despr\u00e9s de l’anunci del Govern d’implantar un impost sobre les begudes ensucrades, que afectar\u00e0 de manera especial al sector dels refrescos, VSF Just\u00edcia Aliment\u00e0ria Global posa de manifest que \u00e9s adequat intentar reduir el consum d’aquestes begudes encarint el preu.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

No obstant aix\u00f2, perqu\u00e8 aquest impost sigui realment efectiu des d’un punt de vista de salut p\u00fablica, ha de ser com a m\u00ednim del 20% sobre el cost inicial si es volen observar efectes reals en el consum<\/strong>, aix\u00ed ho recomana l’Organitzaci\u00f3 Mundial de la Salut.<\/p>\n

\n

Javier Guzm\u00e1n, director de VSF Just\u00edcia Aliment\u00e0ria Global, considera que si el gravamen es troba per sota del 20%, \u00ab\u00e9s simplement una operaci\u00f3 de maquillatge que no va a comportar un canvi d’h\u00e0bits i que, a la llarga, es traur\u00e0 per inefectiu\u00bb.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

A m\u00e9s, la mesura hauria d’anar acompanyada d’altres que ataquin el problema en tota la seva complexitat i transversalitat. Les classes m\u00e9s populars s\u00f3n les m\u00e9s afectades pels problemes derivats d’una alimentaci\u00f3 insana. Per tant, per corregir aquest biaix, aquest tipus d’impostos que penalitzen el consum de begudes ensucrades s’ha de complementar amb altres mesures fiscals que abarateixin l’alimentaci\u00f3 sana.<\/strong> Per exemple, implementar un IVA del 0% per a fruites, verdures i altres aliments b\u00e0sics.<\/p>\n

Aix\u00ed mateix, la mesura no contempla augmentar el gravamen als sucs de fruites envasats. Aquests sucs contenen una gran quantitat de sucre amagat en la seva composici\u00f3, m\u00e9s enll\u00e0 dels sucres presents de forma natural a la fruita. Un n\u00e8ctar cl\u00e0ssic cont\u00e9 m\u00e9s d’un 12% de sucres i es tracta d’un producte molt consumit per la poblaci\u00f3 infantil, de manera que l’impacte en salut p\u00fablica seria evident.<\/p>\n

\n

A l’hora de plantejar-se una intervenci\u00f3 en els preus dels aliments, hi ha diferents objectius possibles (no excloents entre si):<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

1) Abaratir els preus dels aliments amb bon perfil nutricional<\/strong> (aliments sans) i encarir els aliments amb mal perfil nutricional<\/strong> (aliments insans), per al seu torn modificar el consum, afavorint l’acc\u00e9s a aliments sans de les classes populars i dificultant el dels insans.<\/p>\n

2) Internalitzar els costos sanitaris derivats de l’alimentaci\u00f3 insana<\/strong>, en els productes el consum excessiu els generen.<\/p>\n

3) Actuar sobre l’ambient o entorn alimentari, enviant un senyal clar, des de les administracions,<\/strong> sobre l’exist\u00e8ncia d’aliments amb bon perfil nutricional i d’altres que no en tenen (aix\u00f2, afegit a altres mesures com un etiquetatge clar i una limitaci\u00f3 de la publicitat de determinats aliments clarament insans per a poblacions vulnerables, \u00e9s una mesura sociocultural altament efectiva).<\/p>\n

4) Aconseguir recaptar fons que es puguin destinar a altres aspectes de la lluita contra l’epid\u00e8mia de l’alimentaci\u00f3 insana<\/strong> (impulsar els sistemes alimentaris locals, campanyes educatives, costejar part de les despeses sanit\u00e0ries, etc.) oa l’agricultura de proximitat, fresca, de temporada, provinent d’explotacions familiars i amb sistemes de producci\u00f3 sostenibles.<\/p>\n

Els problemes de l’alimentaci\u00f3 insana en dades<\/h3>\n

L’alimentaci\u00f3 insana \u00e9s el principal problema sanitari de l’Estat. La dieta inadequada \u00e9s el factor de risc que m\u00e9s problemes causa en la nostra salut i \u00e9s responsable del 21% de les morts evitables. Per cada dia de salut que perdem a causa del tabac, perdem 5 a causa de l’alimentaci\u00f3 insana i els seus riscos associats. Per cada dia perdut per l’alcohol, perdem 9 per alimentaci\u00f3 insana i per cada un que perdem per les drogues, perdem 11 per la mala dieta.<\/p>\n

El tractament de les malalties associades a l’alimentaci\u00f3 insana (malalties cardiovasculars, diabetis, alguns tipus de c\u00e0ncer, afeccions com el sobrep\u00e8s o l’obesitat) s’emporta el 20% del pressupost p\u00fablic de sanitat. Es tracta, per tant, d’un fenomen estructural i sist\u00e8mic, no d’una mala elecci\u00f3 individual. A m\u00e9s, en el cas de l’alimentaci\u00f3 insana i els seus efectes sobre la salut, hi ha un clar gradient de classe social. Les classes populars s\u00f3n les que, amb difer\u00e8ncia, m\u00e9s emmalalteixen i m\u00e9s consumeixen aquest tipus de dietes.<\/p>\n

Davant d’aquesta realitat, diversos col\u00b7lectius i institucions, amb l’Organitzaci\u00f3 Mundial de la Salut al capdavant, fa temps que reclamen pol\u00edtiques p\u00fabliques efectives que reverteixin la situaci\u00f3. Es poden resumir en tres:<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

– Etiquetatge nutricional clar i en el frontal de l’env\u00e0s<\/strong> que permeti identificar de manera senzilla si l’aliment cont\u00e9 quantitats elevades de sucres afegits, sodi i greixos insalubres.<\/p>\n

– Regulaci\u00f3 de la publicitat<\/strong> d’aliments insans adre\u00e7ada a la poblaci\u00f3 infantil.<\/p>\n

– Pol\u00edtiques de preus<\/strong> sobre els aliments que permetin corregir el biaix de classe, amb l’objectiu d’encarir l’alimentaci\u00f3 insana i abaratir aquells aliments amb bon perfil nutricional. Hem de recordar que el 44% de la poblaci\u00f3 a l’Estat espanyol no pot seguir les recomanacions d’una dieta saludable a causa del seu cost.<\/p>\n

L’aplicaci\u00f3 de tot el conjunt de mesures \u00e9s el que permetr\u00e0 millorar l’estat de salut de la poblaci\u00f3 amb relaci\u00f3 a l’alimentaci\u00f3 insana.<\/p>\n

M\u00e9s informaci\u00f3 a vsf.org.es\/dame-veneno<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

VSF Justicia Alimentaria Global 06\/12\/2016L’efectivitat o no de l’impost a les begudes ensucrades. Després de l’anunci del Govern d’implantar un impost sobre les begudes ensucrades, que afectarà de manera especial al sector dels refrescos, VSF Justícia Alimentària Global posa de manifest que és adequat intentar reduir el consum d’aquestes begudes encarint el preu.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":419,"featured_media":10195,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7164],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10197","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-actualitat"],"yoast_head":"\nL'efectivitat o no de l'impost a les begudes ensucrades - Bio Eco Actual<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bioecoactual.com\/ca\/2016\/12\/06\/l-efectivitat-o-no-de-l-impost-a-les-begudes-ensucrades\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ca_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"L'efectivitat o no de l'impost a les begudes ensucrades\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"VSF Justicia Alimentaria Global 06\/12\/2016L’efectivitat o no de l’impost a les begudes ensucrades. 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