{"id":16757,"date":"2017-05-09T22:44:29","date_gmt":"2017-05-09T22:44:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bioecoactual.com\/2017\/05\/09\/els-aliments-ecologics-europeus-contenen-fins-a-sis-vegades-menys-residus-de-plaguicides-que-els-convencionals\/"},"modified":"2022-12-28T13:23:27","modified_gmt":"2022-12-28T12:23:27","slug":"els-aliments-ecologics-europeus-contenen-fins-a-sis-vegades-menys-residus-de-plaguicides-que-els-convencionals","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bioecoactual.com\/ca\/2017\/05\/09\/els-aliments-ecologics-europeus-contenen-fins-a-sis-vegades-menys-residus-de-plaguicides-que-els-convencionals\/","title":{"rendered":"“Els aliments ecol\u00f2gics europeus contenen fins a sis vegades menys residus de plaguicides que els convencionals”"},"content":{"rendered":"

L’\u00faltim informe <\/a>de l’Autoritat Europea per a la Seguretat dels Aliments (EFSA), <\/em>publicat a principis d’abril, analitza 5331 mostres de les que 1054 eren d’aliments ecol\u00f2gics. Despr\u00e9s de l’an\u00e0lisi es conclou que els aliments ecol\u00f2gics europeus “contenen sis vegades menys residus” que els aliments convencionals.El recent informe de 2015 de l’Autoritat Europea per a la Seguretat dels Aliments (EFSA) de la Uni\u00f3 Europea (UE) sobre residus de pesticides en els aliments, indica que la taxa de superaci\u00f3 del l\u00edmit m\u00e0xim de Residus (LMR) autoritzat i la taxa de quantificaci\u00f3 (mostres amb residus quantificats per sota del LMR) van ser significativament m\u00e9s baixes en les mostres d’aliments org\u00e0nics que en les d’aliments convencionals (LRM: 0,7% en aliments ecol\u00f2gics i 2,9% en els convencionals). Aix\u00ed mateix, aquest informe publicat fa escassament unes setmanes, assenyala que la taxa de quantificaci\u00f3 en aliments ecol\u00f2gics (13,5%) \u00e9s gaireb\u00e9 quatre vegades menor que en els convencionals (46,8%).<\/p>\n

Aquesta taxa de quantificaci\u00f3 arriba a ser del 8,3% si s’exclouen, a m\u00e9s, les mostres que contenen residus que no procedeixen, necess\u00e0riament, de l’\u00fas de plaguicides<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

El “2015 European Union report on pesticide residues in food” pren un total de 5.331 mostres, excloent els aliments per a nadons (6,4% del total de mostres). D’aquestes mostres, 1.054 s\u00f3n de productes ecol\u00f2gics. L’an\u00e0lisi total exposa que 4.574 mostres no contenien residus quantificables (85,8%).<\/p>\n

Respecte a les mostres de productes ecol\u00f2gics, l’informe revela que al voltant de 720 mostres contenien residus dins de les concentracions legalment permeses (13,5%). Entre aquests exemplars, 276 contenien residus que no procedien necess\u00e0riament de l’\u00fas de plaguicides com poden ser per exemple, les mostres que contenen subst\u00e0ncies naturals com l’i\u00f3 bromur o el coure, amb residus de CS2 resultants de subst\u00e0ncies naturals que imiten la pres\u00e8ncia de ditiocarbamats o contaminants org\u00e0nics persistents presents en el medi ambient, com el DDT, el dieldr\u00edn i l’hexaclorobenz\u00e8. Despr\u00e9s d’excloure les mostres que contenen nom\u00e9s aquestes subst\u00e0ncies, la taxa de quantificaci\u00f3 de plaguicides corregida per a mostres ecol\u00f2giques representa aproximadament el 8,3% (en lloc del 13,5% considerant totes les subst\u00e0ncies). No obstant aix\u00f2, la taxa de superaci\u00f3 dels LMR no es veu afectada per aquesta an\u00e0lisi refinat.<\/p>\n

Destaca a m\u00e9s que les superacions LMR van ser identificades en 37 mostres (0,7% de les mostres ecol\u00f2giques analitzades). Aquest informe troba m\u00faltiples superacions LMR en tres mostres concretes. Com s’ha destacat anteriorment, en comparaci\u00f3 amb els resultats globals d’altres productes, la taxa de superaci\u00f3 de LMR i la taxa de quantificaci\u00f3 van ser significativament m\u00e9s baixes en les mostres d’aliments ecol\u00f2gics<\/strong>. Aix\u00ed doncs, el LRM \u00e9s d’un 0,7% en aliments ecol\u00f2gics i un 2,9% en aliments convencionals, mentre que la taxa de quantificaci\u00f3 en ecol\u00f2gics \u00e9s del 13,5%, sensiblement menor que el 46,8% dels aliments convencionals. Els grups d’aliments individuals analitzats per separat, mostren la difer\u00e8ncia principalment per a fruites i nous, hortalisses i cereals.<\/p>\n

Sobre plaguicides permesos en agricultura ecol\u00f2gica<\/h3>\n

En els productes produ\u00efts ecol\u00f2gicament es van quantificar 140 plaguicides diferents (residus en concentracions iguals o superiors a la LOQ). \u00c9s per aix\u00f2 que els plaguicides permesos en l’agricultura ecol\u00f2gica, els compostos que es produeixen de forma natural o les subst\u00e0ncies resultants de la contaminaci\u00f3 ambiental (plaguicides persistents que ja no s’utilitzen a la UE) estan etiquetats de forma espec\u00edfica i van ser quantificats en l’ menys cinc mostres. Aix\u00ed doncs, els residus de plaguicides mesurats amb m\u00e9s freq\u00fc\u00e8ncia van ser: el coure a 22 productes alimentaris (sobretot en blat), el bromur a 34 productes b\u00e0sics (principalment en hortalisses), l’hexaclorobenz\u00e8 en 7 productes b\u00e0sics (particularment en llet), fosetyl-al en 23 productes b\u00e0sics (essencialment en ra\u00efm de taula), clorpirifos en 21 productes (principalment fruites), spinosad a 14 productes b\u00e0sics (per exemple, ra\u00efm de taula i tom\u00e0quets), DDT en 9 productes b\u00e0sics (com la llet i carn), ditiocarbamats en 8 productes b\u00e0sics (principalment en hortalisses Brassica) i boscalid a 14 productes b\u00e0sics (especialment en ra\u00efm i vi).<\/p>\n

El coure, spinosad, azadiract\u00edn i les piretrines es permeten en l’Agroecologia, per tant, la pres\u00e8ncia de residus d’aquests compostos est\u00e0 vinculada a les pr\u00e0ctiques agr\u00edcoles permeses en l’Agricultura Ecol\u00f2gica. Aix\u00ed doncs, els residus d’hexaclorobenz\u00e8, DDT i dieldrina s\u00f3n el resultat de la contaminaci\u00f3 ambiental a terra, a causa del persistent \u00fas d’aquests compostos en el passat. Les quantificacions de coure, ions bromur i ditiocarbamats en certs productes b\u00e0sics poden provenir tamb\u00e9 de productes vegetals naturals i no estan necess\u00e0riament relacionats amb l’\u00fas de plaguicides. El compost BAC, que pertany al grup de compostos d’amoni quaternari que avui dia s’utilitzen \u00e0mpliament com a desinfectants, va ser utilitzat com a plaguicida en el passat i actualment est\u00e0 incl\u00f2s en la regulaci\u00f3 de LMR de plaguicides.<\/p>\n

L’aparici\u00f3 dels plaguicides restants indica que es van trobar plaguicides no permesos per a l’\u00fas en agricultura ecol\u00f2gica. No obstant aix\u00f2, la pres\u00e8ncia de residus de plaguicides en aliments ecol\u00f2gica tamb\u00e9 podria ser, com passa amb els productes convencionals, el resultat de vessaments de polvoritzaci\u00f3, contaminacions ambientals o contaminacions durant la manipulaci\u00f3, envasat, emmagatzematge o elaboraci\u00f3 de productes ecol\u00f2gica. Aquesta ocurr\u00e8ncia podria estar relacionada amb un etiquetatge incorrecte d’aliments produ\u00efts convencionalment com aliments ecol\u00f2gics.<\/p>\n

Finalment, queda destacar que les superacions LMR en productes ecol\u00f2gics van ser principalment en l’antraquinona (6 mostres) i 20 determinacions addicionals per altres 15 plaguicides. Els detalls sobre les mostres de productes ecol\u00f2gics que excedeixen un l\u00edmit legal es poden trobar en un suplement a l’informe. Per a m\u00e9s detall, consultar l’informe referit des de les p\u00e0gines 67 a la 70.<\/p>\n

Informe al complet<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 www.efsa.europa.eu\/en\/efsajournal\/pub\/4791<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

L’últim informe de l’Autoritat Europea per a la Seguretat dels Aliments (EFSA), publicat a principis d’abril, analitza 5331 mostres de les que 1054 eren d’aliments ecològics. Després de l’anàlisi es conclou que els aliments ecològics europeus “contenen sis vegades menys residus” que els aliments convencionals.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":16753,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7164],"tags":[5353,5354,5706,7112,7110,5284,5672],"class_list":["post-16757","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-actualitat","tag-agroecologia-ca","tag-agroecologia-ca-2","tag-alimentacio-biologica","tag-alimentacion-biologica-ca-2","tag-alimentacion-ecologica-ca-2","tag-ecologica-ca-2","tag-plaguicidas-ca-2"],"yoast_head":"\n"Els aliments ecol\u00f2gics europeus contenen fins a sis vegades menys residus de plaguicides que els convencionals" - Bio Eco Actual<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Despr\u00e9s de l'an\u00e0lisi es conclou que els aliments ecol\u00f2gics europeus "contenen sis vegades 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