{"id":23090,"date":"2018-08-07T23:00:17","date_gmt":"2018-08-07T21:00:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bioecoactual.com\/?p=23090"},"modified":"2018-08-08T00:45:01","modified_gmt":"2018-08-07T22:45:01","slug":"tovalloletes-humides","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bioecoactual.com\/ca\/2018\/08\/07\/tovalloletes-humides\/","title":{"rendered":"El monstre de les tovalloletes humides"},"content":{"rendered":"

Les tovalloletes humides estan de moda. Les fem servir per a pr\u00e0cticament tot i les trobem per tot arreu. Tamb\u00e9 sota els nostres peus. Aquests trossos de cel\u00b7lulosa combinada amb fibres sint\u00e8tiques i subst\u00e0ncies que impregnen el teixit com son \u00a0conservants i surfactants conformen un monstre subterrani que col\u00b7lapsa les xarxes de clavegueram de les ciutats de tot el m\u00f3n, d\u00f3na problemes a les depuradores i contamina el medi ambient.<\/p>\n

En els \u00faltims anys, les tovalloletes humides han passat de ser exclusivament per netejar els nadons a emprar-se per treure brut\u00edcia a cotxes, sabates, ulleres o mobles, o per desmaquillar. N’hi ha de molts tipus i per a diferents usos, i en tots els casos es presenten com la soluci\u00f3 ideal. Segons dades de l’Organitzaci\u00f3 de Consumidors i Usuaris (OCU), en una ciutat de mida mitjana es recullen cada dia uns 8.000 quilograms d’aquest producte.<\/p>\n

Tot i que es tracta d’un article molt pr\u00e0ctic quan no tenim acc\u00e9s a aigua i sab\u00f3, el seu consum desaforat i el seu mal \u00fas han provocat un greu problema. Perqu\u00e8 les tovalloletes, fetes amb fibres molt resistents, triguen a desintegrar-se a difer\u00e8ncia del paper higi\u00e8nic convencional. Aquestes s’ajunten amb altres productes de cura personal que llancem de manera err\u00f2nia al v\u00e0ter, com bastonets, compreses o tampons, i amb el temps creen una massa de residus s\u00f2lids que s’adhereix a qualsevol corba, encreuament o obstacle en el sistema de clavegueram provocant grans embussos.<\/p>\n

A m\u00e9s del dany mediambiental, l’eliminaci\u00f3 de les tovalloletes higi\u00e8niques t\u00e9 un gran cost econ\u00f2mic<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

L’octubre passat, a Val\u00e8ncia, una bola de gaireb\u00e9 un quil\u00f2metre de longitud obstru\u00efa la principal conducci\u00f3 d’aig\u00fces residuals de la ciutat. La massa compacta i espessa era encara m\u00e9s gran que la que va causar estralls a Donosti al setembre. A m\u00e9s d’obstruir la xarxa de sanejament, poden arribar pr\u00e0cticament intactes a rius i mars despr\u00e9s de passar per depuradores que no poden tractar-les o com a conseq\u00fc\u00e8ncia d’una rebentada com va passar al novembre a la costa eivissenca.<\/p>\n

Per si no n\u2019hi ha prou, l\u2019OCU ha demostrat que les fibres sint\u00e8tiques que formen les tovalloletes passen a l’aigua residual, de manera que contribueixen a la contaminaci\u00f3 dels ecosistemes amb micro-pl\u00e0stics. En ser part\u00edcules min\u00fascules, aconsegueixen passar els filtres en les plantes de tractament d’aig\u00fces arribant en enormes quantitats a oceans i mars on persistiran durant segles, ja que no hi ha m\u00e8todes per eliminar-les efica\u00e7ment.<\/p>\n

Aquesta barreja, juntament amb restes d’altres productes de cura personal, s\u00f3n confosos amb aliment per peixos, aus i mam\u00edfers marins que poden acabar morint ofegats despr\u00e9s de ingerir-los. En altres ocasions, les subst\u00e0ncies entren a formar part de la cadena aliment\u00e0ria: al setembre de 2016, investigadors de l’Institut Espanyol d’Oceanografia (IEO) van trobar micro-pl\u00e0stics en un de cada sis peixos analitzats de les costes espanyoles de l’Atl\u00e0ntic i de la Mediterr\u00e0nia. “No hi ha evid\u00e8ncies d’efectes negatius en la salut humana, per\u00f2 seria convenient estudiar-ho”, explicava llavors l’autor de l’estudi, Juan Bellas.<\/p>\n

Tots aquests episodis s\u00f3n evitables: nom\u00e9s cal utilitzar les tovalloletes ocasionalment, optar per comprar aquelles que van en envasos flexibles i no r\u00edgids i, principalment, mai tirar-les al v\u00e0ter, encara que en les etiquetes posa que el producte \u00e9s d’un sol \u00fas i biodegradable -aix\u00f2 succeiria despr\u00e9s d’un determinat temps en l’aigua-. Mentre que el paper higi\u00e8nic es desintegra en l’aigua gaireb\u00e9 per complet (95%) en mitja hora, les tovalloletes humides es disgreguen nom\u00e9s un 36% despr\u00e9s de dos dies, detalla OCU.<\/p>\n

A m\u00e9s del dany mediambiental, l’eliminaci\u00f3 de les tovalloletes higi\u00e8niques t\u00e9 un gran cost econ\u00f2mic. A Europa, el tractament d’aquests residus costa entre 500 i 1.000 milions d’euros l’any, segons dades de l’Associaci\u00f3 europea d’empreses d’abastament i sanejament (EurEau). A Espanya, l’Associaci\u00f3 espanyola de Prove\u00efments d’aig\u00fces i sanejament (AEAS) ha quantificat les p\u00e8rdues en 200 milions d’euros cada any. Un import que paguem entre tots.<\/p>\n

Canviar el comportament dels ciutadans per garantir que els productes de cura personal no entrin en el sistema d’aig\u00fces residuals \u00e9s vital per revertir la situaci\u00f3<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Per aconseguir-ho i acabar amb el monstre de les clavegueres, les administracions s’estan posant les piles. Per exemple, a Barcelona<\/strong> i la seva \u00e0rea metropolitana nord (a les localitats de Santa Coloma de Gramenet i Badalona, \u200b\u200bi els districtes de Sant Andreu i Sant Mart\u00ed de Barcelona) sota el lema ‘Stop tovalloletes: el v\u00e0ter no \u00e9s una paperera’<\/strong> s’ha implementat una campanya per conscienciar la poblaci\u00f3 i reduir les avaries a la infraestructura. L’any passat la iniciativa es va desenvolupar a Sant Boi de Llobregat, Gav\u00e0, Sant Climent de Llobregat, Viladecans i Castelldefels i va aconseguir reduir prop d’un 2,5% el nombre de residus abocats a la depuradora. La campanya ‘El caos de les toallitas’ posada en marxa a la ciutat de Toledo o ‘No alimentes al Monstruo’ duta a terme al Pa\u00eds Basc persegueixen el mateix objectiu.<\/p>\n

La problem\u00e0tica ha arribat fins al Congr\u00e9s dels Diputats, ja que el Partit Socialista Obrer Espanyol (PSOE), quan encara era a l’oposici\u00f3, va registrar una proposici\u00f3 no de llei per impulsar una campanya institucional per alertar els consumidors sobre les conseq\u00fc\u00e8ncies mediambientals i econ\u00f2miques de l’\u00fas inadequat d’aquest producte, fent especial \u00e8mfasi en recomanar el seu \u00fas ocasional i en que no es llencin al v\u00e0ter.<\/p>\n

Aix\u00ed mateix, la proposta inclou que s’obligui als fabricants a posar en l’etiquetatge, sempre i de forma destacada, que no s’han de llen\u00e7ar pel v\u00e0ter pel perill d’emb\u00fas en canonades i depuradores i que es prohibeixi la utilitzaci\u00f3 de missatges que indueixin al comprador a considerar que aquests productes s\u00f3n sostenibles, biodegradables o similars al paper higi\u00e8nic. Tamb\u00e9 exigeix \u200b\u200bque s’estableixin proves estandarditzades de disgregaci\u00f3 i biodegradabilitat. La nostra salut i tamb\u00e9 les nostres butxaques estan en joc.<\/p>\n

Autora:\u00a0<\/strong>Cristina Fern\u00e1ndez, Periodista & Blogger,\u00a0<\/strong>www.paladarvegano.blog<\/a><\/p>\n

Bio Eco Actual<\/em><\/strong>,\u00a0el teu mensual 100% ecol\u00f2gic<\/em>
\nLlegir\u00a0Bio Eco Actual Juliol-Agost 2018<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Les tovalloletes humides estan de moda. Les fem servir per a pràcticament tot i les trobem per tot arreu. També sota els nostres peus. Aquests trossos de cel·lulosa combinada amb fibres sintètiques i substàncies que impregnen el teixit com son  conservants i surfactants conformen un monstre subterrani que col·lapsa les xarxes de clavegueram de les […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":23086,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7164,7160,7189],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-23090","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-actualitat","category-medi-ambient","category-neteja-ecologica"],"yoast_head":"\nEl monstre de les tovalloletes humides - Bio Eco Actual<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Tot i que les tovalloletes humides s\u00f3n molt pr\u00e0ctiques quan no tenim acc\u00e9s a aigua i sab\u00f3, el seu consum i el seu mal \u00fas han provocat un greu problema\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, 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