{"id":24439,"date":"2018-12-11T00:05:51","date_gmt":"2018-12-10T22:05:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bioecoactual.com\/?p=24439"},"modified":"2018-12-11T02:20:57","modified_gmt":"2018-12-11T00:20:57","slug":"els-costos-ocults-del-sistema-alimentari-mundial","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bioecoactual.com\/ca\/2018\/12\/11\/els-costos-ocults-del-sistema-alimentari-mundial\/","title":{"rendered":"Els costos ocults del sistema alimentari mundial"},"content":{"rendered":"

Amb pomes, una de les fruites m\u00e9s consumides durant tot l’any, l’organitzaci\u00f3 holandesa Soil & More Impacts<\/em><\/strong> ha denunciat les incoher\u00e8ncies del nostre sistema alimentari. El preu que el consumidor paga per una poma al supermercat no cobreix els costos de la seva producci\u00f3 perqu\u00e8 els efectes dels pesticides i fungicides emprats per cultivar un quilo d’aquesta fruita costen 21 c\u00e8ntims, segons un estudi de l’entitat holandesa desgranat per l’economista Otto Scharmer<\/em> al Huffington Post<\/em><\/strong>.<\/p>\n

\"Los<\/p>\n

En la mateixa l\u00ednia, en el treball El cost ocult del menjar al Regne Unit <\/em>de l’organitzaci\u00f3 Sustainable Food Trust<\/em><\/strong>, els experts han calculat que el cost real dels aliments produ\u00efts convencionalment \u00e9s el doble del preu de mercat. S\u00f3n despeses ocultes causades pel model d’agricultura i ramaderia convencional que acaben pagant els consumidors indirectament mitjan\u00e7ant impostos, assegurances m\u00e8diques, subsidis al sector agr\u00edcola i ramader, i p\u00e8rdua d’ingressos.<\/p>\n

El cost real dels aliments produ\u00efts convencionalment \u00e9s el doble del preu de mercat<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u201cAvui dia els plaguicides perillosos s’utilitzen en exc\u00e9s, la qual cosa provoca danys a la salut humana i els ecosistemes de tot el m\u00f3n, i aquesta utilitzaci\u00f3 sembla que augmentar\u00e0 en els propers anys”<\/em>, detalla en un informe de 2017 la relatora de Nacions Unides<\/em><\/strong> sobre el dret a l’alimentaci\u00f3, Hilal Elver<\/em>. “L’argument promogut per la ind\u00fastria agroqu\u00edmica que els plaguicides resulten necessaris per aconseguir la seguretat aliment\u00e0ria no nom\u00e9s \u00e9s inexacte sin\u00f3 que a m\u00e9s resulta perillosament engany\u00f3s”<\/em>, afegeix.<\/p>\n

L’organitzaci\u00f3 nord-americana Environmental Working Group (EWG)<\/em><\/strong> elabora anualment un r\u00e0nquing amb les fruites “m\u00e9s brutes” despr\u00e9s d’analitzar mostres dels aliments vegetals frescos cultivats convencionalment m\u00e9s consumits als Estats Units, uns productes que tamb\u00e9 s\u00f3n exportats i importats a altres pa\u00efsos. En 2018, les maduixes encap\u00e7alaven el llistat, seguides per les espinacs, les nectarines i les pomes.<\/p>\n

A Espanya, Ecologistes en Acci\u00f3<\/em><\/strong> ha alertat de l’elevada pres\u00e8ncia de residus de plaguicides en aliments. En l’edici\u00f3 d’enguany de l’informe Directe a les teves hormones. Guia d’aliments disruptors<\/em>, realitzat amb dades de l’Ag\u00e8ncia Espanyola de Consum, Seguretat Aliment\u00e0ria i Nutrici\u00f3 (AECOSAN)<\/em><\/strong>, revelen que almenys 38 plaguicides disruptors endocrins (que tenen capacitat d’alterar el funcionament normal del sistema hormonal) contaminaven els aliments espanyols en 2015 , xifra superior als 33 trobats l’any anterior. Els dos aliments amb major nombre de plaguicides van ser els tom\u00e0quets i els pebrots, les mostres contenien residus de 37 plaguicides diferents, 16 dels quals s\u00f3n contaminants hormonals.<\/p>\n

“L’exposici\u00f3 de la poblaci\u00f3 a aquests t\u00f2xics es relaciona amb malalties i danys a la salut, la incid\u00e8ncia dels quals ha crescut en les \u00faltimes d\u00e8cades, com la p\u00e8rdua de fertilitat, malformacions cong\u00e8nites, diabetis, obesitat, danys en el sistema immune, autisme, s\u00edndrome d’hiperactivitat i diversos tipus de c\u00e0ncer com el de mama, pr\u00f2stata, testicles o tiroide”<\/em>, expliquen.<\/p>\n

Espanya \u00e9s el pa\u00eds europeu que m\u00e9s fitosanitaris consumeix en l’agricultura en termes absoluts: 77.216 tones el 2015, segons dades d’Eurostat.<\/em><\/strong> Aquests exposen als treballadors del camp i les seves fam\u00edlies a subst\u00e0ncies t\u00f2xiques, per\u00f2 a m\u00e9s, residus invisibles de pesticides queden en els aliments i arriben directament als consumidors.<\/p>\n

\"costes<\/p>\n

A m\u00e9s de danyar la salut dels habitants del planeta, el rocambolesc sistema de producci\u00f3 d’aliments<\/strong> \u00e9s incapa\u00e7 de satisfer les necessitats nutricionals de tota la poblaci\u00f3 mundial: uns 815 milions de persones pateixen fam mentre que al mateix temps hi ha una epid\u00e8mia de sobrep\u00e8s i obesitat . Per si fos poc, tamb\u00e9 t\u00e9 conseq\u00fc\u00e8ncies nefastes per al medi ambient, sent el principal causant del canvi clim\u00e0tic.<\/p>\n

La nostra societat tendeix a no valorar el que consumim ni als que produeixen els aliments: els camperols<\/strong>. De fet, molts dels que pateixen inseguretat aliment\u00e0ria s\u00f3n agricultors de subsist\u00e8ncia dedicats a tasques agr\u00edcoles, sobretot en pa\u00efsos en desenvolupament. Als Estats Units, els agricultors i els ramaders s\u00f3n els professionals amb la taxa de su\u00efcidi m\u00e9s alta, segons dades del govern.<\/p>\n

El sistema alimentari mundial est\u00e0 en mans de multinacionals que han constru\u00eft el seu model de negoci per a perpetuar la depend\u00e8ncia que els agricultors tenen dels seus pesticides, herbicides i, en molts casos, llavors transg\u00e8niques.<\/strong> S\u00f3n un grapat d\u2019empreses que controlen cadascun dels trams de la cadena aliment\u00e0ria i decideixen qu\u00e8 mengem i a quin preu. No obstant aix\u00f2, cada vegada m\u00e9s veus s’alcen per proclamar la necessitat de posar fi a l’agroind\u00fastria i advoquen per un canvi de model <\/strong>que passa per l’agricultura ecol\u00f2gica<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Els ciutadans tamb\u00e9 podem contribuir a re-formular el sistema modificant els nostres h\u00e0bits de consum<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Un altre punt clau per canviar l’actual model \u00e9s la dieta: com menys carn mengem, m\u00e9s persones tindran acc\u00e9s als aliments<\/strong> -per l’any 2050 s’espera que uns 9.000 milions d’humans poblaran la Terra-. Actualment, un ter\u00e7 de les terres f\u00e8rtils del m\u00f3n s’utilitza per a cultius agr\u00edcoles destinats a alimentar els animals, mentre que la ramaderia consumeix aigua en una quantitat de 5 a 10 vegades m\u00e9s gran que el cultiu de plantes. Les granges industrials a m\u00e9s de convertir en meres m\u00e0quines a \u00e9ssers vius tamb\u00e9 contribueixen a la contaminaci\u00f3 atmosf\u00e8rica, la degradaci\u00f3 de la terra, del s\u00f2l i de l’aigua i la p\u00e8rdua de la biodiversitat.<\/p>\n

Els ciutadans tamb\u00e9 podem contribuir a re-formular el sistema modificant els nostres h\u00e0bits de consum. En els \u00faltims anys, ha augmentat la consci\u00e8ncia sobre la responsabilitat del comprador i va in crescendo <\/em>el nombre de persones disposades a pagar un preu just si els aliments es produeixen de forma sostenible. Perqu\u00e8 volen un altre model alimentari i saben que \u00e9s possible aconseguir-ho.<\/p>\n

Autora:<\/strong>\u00a0Cristina Fern\u00e1ndez, Periodista & Blogger,\u00a0<\/strong>www.paladarvegano.blog<\/a><\/p>\n

Bio Eco Actual<\/em><\/strong>,\u00a0el teu mensual 100% ecol\u00f2gic<\/em>
\nLlegir\u00a0Bio Eco Actual Desembre 2018<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Amb pomes, una de les fruites més consumides durant tot l’any, l’organització holandesa Soil & More Impacts ha denunciat les incoherències del nostre sistema alimentari. El preu que el consumidor paga per una poma al supermercat no cobreix els costos de la seva producció perquè els efectes dels pesticides i fungicides emprats per cultivar un […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":24435,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7180,7164],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-24439","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-activisme","category-actualitat"],"yoast_head":"\nEls costos ocults del sistema alimentari mundial - Bio Eco Actual<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"El preu que el consumidor paga per una poma al supermercat no cobreix els costoss de la seva producci\u00f3 perqu\u00e8 els efectes dels pesticides i fungicides\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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