{"id":25639,"date":"2019-04-01T11:11:44","date_gmt":"2019-04-01T09:11:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bioecoactual.com\/?p=25639"},"modified":"2019-04-01T11:11:44","modified_gmt":"2019-04-01T09:11:44","slug":"consum-lalvocat-i-seu-impacte-planeta","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bioecoactual.com\/ca\/2019\/04\/01\/consum-lalvocat-i-seu-impacte-planeta\/","title":{"rendered":"Consum de l’alvocat i el seu impacte en el planeta"},"content":{"rendered":"

El consum de l\u2019alvocat no para de cr\u00e9ixer.<\/strong> T\u00e9 una demanda mundial a l’al\u00e7a. En els \u00faltims anys l’alvocat s’ha posat al capdavant dels fruits m\u00e9s populars i consumits a nivell global. En 2016 el mercat de l’alvocat va aconseguir la xifra r\u00e8cord de 5.788.000 de tones produ\u00efdes. La producci\u00f3 mundial creix motivada per una demanda que podem qualificar com insaciable, pel fet que \u00e9s una fruita que t\u00e9 una magn\u00edfica acollida per part del consumidor.
\n<\/p>\n

\"Consumo<\/p>\n

La seva cremositat i els seus beneficis per a la salut han disparat la demanda als Estats Units, Europa i la Xina<\/strong>. La demanda d’alvocat en 2017 va cr\u00e9ixer un 350% comparada amb l’aconseguida el 2016. L’expectativa de creixement de la demanda del producte en els mercats internacionals s’estima d’un creixement anual del + 3% en el per\u00edode de 2016 a 2025, arribant a un m\u00e0xim de 7,6 milions de tones per al 2025.<\/p>\n

El major productor d’alvocats a nivell mundial \u00e9s M\u00e8xic, que va produir aproximadament 2.028.886 tones el 2017, representant el 33% de la producci\u00f3 mundial total. El segueixen de lluny la Rep\u00fablica Dominicana i Per\u00fa, amb 637.688 i 466.758 tones respectivament. Espanya, \u00fanic pa\u00eds productor i exportador d’alvocats a Europa, aconsegueix una producci\u00f3 de 52.000 tones el 2017.<\/p>\n

I \u00e9s que l’alvocat \u00e9s bo, sa i nutritiu, per la qual cosa s’ha convertit en l’\u00faltima tend\u00e8ncia en la dieta del m\u00f3n occidental. T\u00e9 un sabor suculent i gust\u00f3s, presenta beneficis per a la nostra salut, i millora la nostra dieta. Totes aquestes caracter\u00edstiques fan que el consumidor busqui aquesta fruita amb afany per posar-la en la seva taula.<\/p>\n

Tota aquesta abund\u00e0ncia nutricional fa de l’alvocat un extraordinari superaliment.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

L’alvocat, Persea americana<\/em>, \u00e9s una esp\u00e8cie arb\u00f2ria pertanyent a la fam\u00edlia Lauraceae<\/em>. \u00c9s originari de M\u00e8xic i Am\u00e8rica Central, i s’ha plantat \u00e0mpliament en altres pa\u00efsos d’Am\u00e8rica que presenten clima tropical i subtropical, aix\u00ed com als Estats Units d’Am\u00e8rica del Nord, centrant la producci\u00f3 en els estats de Florida i Calif\u00f2rnia.<\/p>\n

El seu \u00fas per part de l’home ve de lluny. Existeixen evid\u00e8ncies arqueol\u00f2giques del seu consum a la vall de Tehuac\u00e1n, a Puebla (M\u00e8xic), que es remunten a un per\u00edode compr\u00e8s entre els 9.000 i 10.000 anys d’antiguitat. El seu cultiu va comen\u00e7ar a realitzar-se en Mesom\u00e8rica al voltant de l’any 5.000 a. C. i al voltant de l’any 3.000 a. C. s’havia dif\u00f3s fins a Am\u00e8rica del Sud, tenint const\u00e0ncia del seu consum a Caral, en l’actual Per\u00fa.<\/p>\n

\"Consumo<\/p>\n

L’alvocat \u00e9s una fruita d’os amb una textura cremosa i incre\u00efblement abundant en greixos saludables. \u00c9s molt nutritiu, cont\u00e9 prote\u00efnes, fibra, vitamines A, B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, C, K i E, quantitats altes de potassi, dues vegades m\u00e9s quantitat que el pl\u00e0tan, i molt significatives de magnesi, mangan\u00e8s, coure , ferro, zinc, f\u00f2sfor. L’alvocat \u00e9s un aliment ric en greix, ja que un 77% de les calories que cont\u00e9 procedeixen d’aquesta subst\u00e0ncia, sent, per tant, un dels aliments vegetals m\u00e9s grassos. Per\u00f2 el greix en l’alvocat \u00e9s \u00e0cid oleic, un \u00e0cid gras monoinsaturat que \u00e9s responsable de grans beneficis per a la salut. Presenta alts continguts en antioxidants, que inclou els carotenoides lute\u00efna i zeaxantina, que s\u00f3n totalment necessaris per a la salut ocular. Ens ajuda a cuidar la nostra salut i prevenir malalties. Aix\u00ed, permet mantenir la pell saludable, protegeix la salut del fetge evitant malalties hep\u00e0tiques, redueix el risc de malalties cardiovasculars, col\u00b7labora a mantenir estables els nivells de colesterol, facilita la correcta digesti\u00f3 i el control de pes. Tota aquesta abund\u00e0ncia nutricional fa de l’alvocat un extraordinari superaliment<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Es poden consumir de m\u00faltiples i diverses formes. Des del guacamole fins a la torrada d’alvocat, els diferents plats en qu\u00e8 es troba com a farciment, l’amanida d’alvocat, en dol\u00e7os i en gelat. A tota hora, en l’esmorzar, el dinar o sopar l’alvocat pot ser un plat extraordinari. \u00c9s una fruita incre\u00efble.<\/p>\n

Per\u00f2 anem una mica m\u00e9s enll\u00e0 de l’aliment i les seves propietats nutricionals. Tractem de con\u00e8ixer i valorar quina \u00e9s la problem\u00e0tica que envolta la seva producci\u00f3 i cultiu. Hem de comen\u00e7ar a considerar l’impacte que el cultiu de l’alvocat t\u00e9 sobre les persones que el produeixen i sobre les zones del planeta en qu\u00e8 el cultiu es localitza.<\/p>\n

L’impacte ambiental de la producci\u00f3 d’alvocat, igual que la d’altres cultius tropicals com caf\u00e8, oli de palma o sucre, t\u00e9 condici\u00f3 de monocultiu. Els monocultius necessiten d’una transformaci\u00f3 del medi natural de forma dr\u00e0stica per tal de poder produir en massa. Pot semblar interessant des del punt de vista econ\u00f2mic, per\u00f2 no ho \u00e9s tant des del punt de vista mediambiental. L’alvocat necessita assentar-se en un territori durant anys abans de comen\u00e7ar a produir en grans quantitats, per\u00f2 durant aquest per\u00edode transforma el medi on s’assenta. No pot coexistir amb flora natural, de manera que aquesta s’ha d’eliminar sistem\u00e0ticament causant desforestaci\u00f3. La producci\u00f3 a llarg termini exhaureix els s\u00f2ls, els esgota tots els nutrients, de manera que cal l’aportaci\u00f3 de nutrients en forma d’adobs qu\u00edmics. Per ser un monocultiu est\u00e0 subjecte a plagues i malalties, que requereixen l’\u00fas de pesticides, que al seu torn contaminen el s\u00f2l i els aq\u00fc\u00edfers, danyant a la flora i fauna natural circumdant, com \u00e9s el cas del declivi de la papallona monarca en les zones alvocateres de M\u00e8xic.<\/p>\n

Hem de buscar fruits emparats sota l’etiqueta de Comer\u00e7 Just i de cultiu ecol\u00f2gic<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

L’impacte social ve donat perqu\u00e8 els cultivadors no reben la part justa dels beneficis econ\u00f2mics pel seu treball. \u00c9s un lucratiu negoci controlat cada vegada m\u00e9s pels c\u00e0rtels de la droga.<\/p>\n

Hem de buscar fruits emparats sota l’etiqueta de Comer\u00e7 Just, que garanteixi que les condicions de treball i els salaris dels agricultors s\u00f3n equitatius, aix\u00ed com de cultiu ecol\u00f2gic, que garanteix que el medi ambient est\u00e0 protegit.<\/p>\n

Autor:\u00a0<\/strong>Ra\u00fal Mart\u00ednez, Dietista-Nutricionista, Bi\u00f2leg.<\/p>\n

Bio Eco Actual<\/em><\/strong>,\u00a0el teu mensual 100% ecol\u00f2gic<\/em>
\nLlegir\u00a0Bio Eco Actual\u00a0Abril 2019<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

El consum de l’alvocat no para de créixer. Té una demanda mundial a l’alça. En els últims anys l’alvocat s’ha posat al capdavant dels fruits més populars i consumits a nivell global. En 2016 el mercat de l’alvocat va aconseguir la xifra rècord de 5.788.000 de tones produïdes. La producció mundial creix motivada per una […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":25635,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7180,7164,7160],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-25639","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-activisme","category-actualitat","category-medi-ambient"],"yoast_head":"\nConsum de l'alvocat i el seu impacte en el planeta - Bio Eco Actual<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"El consum de l\u2019alvocat no para de cr\u00e9ixer. T\u00e9 una demanda mundial a l'al\u00e7a. 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