{"id":9974,"date":"2016-11-06T19:59:15","date_gmt":"2016-11-06T19:59:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bioecoactual.com\/2016\/11\/06\/zoos-si-zoos-no-una-queestio-lexica-per-alberto-diez\/"},"modified":"2025-06-12T15:52:59","modified_gmt":"2025-06-12T13:52:59","slug":"zoos-si-zoos-no-una-queestio-lexica-per-alberto-diez","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bioecoactual.com\/ca\/2016\/11\/06\/zoos-si-zoos-no-una-queestio-lexica-per-alberto-diez\/","title":{"rendered":"Zoos s\u00ed, zoos no: una q\u00fcesti\u00f3 l\u00e8xica? Per Alberto D\u00edez"},"content":{"rendered":"

Habitualment sembla ser que a la concepci\u00f3 gen\u00e8rica d’un zoo s’aplica, almenys per part d’aquelles persones preocupades amb aquests temes, una connotaci\u00f3 negativa que es correspon paral\u00b7lelament amb una percepci\u00f3 positiva d’un centre de rescat.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Les paraules, paraules s\u00f3n i la seva comprensi\u00f3 per la nostra part deriva tant del que realment signifiquen com del que semblen indicar. \u00c9s possible un zoo bo? I un centre de rescat dolent? En el fons l’important \u00e9s el contingut, no el continent.<\/p>\n

Qu\u00e8 \u00e9s un zoo? Al marge de credos individuals o m\u00e9s o menys estesos que inclouen termes com “pres\u00f3” o “explotaci\u00f3 cruel”, la legislaci\u00f3 implicada (Llei 31\/2003 de Conservaci\u00f3n de la Fauna Silvestre en Parques Zool\u00f3gicos) ens el defineix escrupolosament: “establiments, p\u00fablics o privats, que, amb independ\u00e8ncia dels dies en qu\u00e8 estiguin oberts al p\u00fablic, siguin permanents i mantinguin animals vius d’esp\u00e8cies silvestres per a la seva exposici\u00f3 “<\/i>. Per tant b\u00e0sicament perqu\u00e8 un centre amb un grup d’animals es converteixi en un zoo s’han de donar dues premisses: que mantingui de manera permanent animals silvestres i que el pugui visitar el p\u00fablic. Ara per ara qui encaixi en aquests dos condicionants \u00e9s un zoo, li agradi o no, al marge que despr\u00e9s es presenti amb aquest terme o decideixi acudir a un altre per sanejar la seva imatge p\u00fablica.<\/p>\n

Ara b\u00e9; mantenir permanentment animals silvestres i que el p\u00fablic els pugui contemplar… \u00e9s negatiu en si mateix per als animals o el p\u00fablic? No, o no necess\u00e0riament. Dependr\u00e0 de quina \u00e9s la font que aporta els animals acollits, quina \u00e9s la funci\u00f3 mediambiental que compleixen aquests animals i per qu\u00e8 i per a qu\u00e8 el visita el p\u00fablic.<\/p>\n

No hi ha en la definici\u00f3 de zoo cap variable que impedeixi que un zoo tingui en compte que l’\u00fanica justificaci\u00f3 per mantenir en captivitat fauna silvestre \u00e9s el paper que aquesta juga en la conservaci\u00f3 de la biodiversitat; que un zoo no pot funcionar de manera aut\u00f2noma sin\u00f3 que est\u00e0 obligat a integrar-se i constituir-se en una eina encaixada dins de la pol\u00edtica mediambiental i, finalment, que ha d’aprofitar el potencial de transmissi\u00f3 d’informaci\u00f3 i formaci\u00f3 en valors mediambientals i de conservaci\u00f3 d’esp\u00e8cies en la seva relaci\u00f3 amb el p\u00fablic.<\/p>\n

Els problemes mediambientals i de biodiversitat que avui afrontem converteixen al zoo en un punt focal en el qual acollir animals que per diversos motius (accidents, tr\u00e0fic il\u00b7legal, circs o zoos clausurats, necessitats de repoblaci\u00f3, control d’esp\u00e8cies potencialment invasores, mascotisme d’animals ex\u00f2tics , confiscacions) precisen d’un lloc digne on viure en el cas que no puguin retornar a la natura o necessitin d’un proc\u00e9s previ d’adaptaci\u00f3. La funci\u00f3 d’un zoo no acaba aqu\u00ed sin\u00f3 que pot, i ha de, seguir integrat en les pol\u00edtiques de millora mediambiental a trav\u00e9s de plans de conservaci\u00f3 d’esp\u00e8cies; estudis de seguiment de problemes mediambientals; investigaci\u00f3 sobre aspectes tan variats com contaminants atmosf\u00e8rics, pautes de reproducci\u00f3, reconeixement d’elements de risc per a la biodiversitat; programes de cria en captivitat sempre que es dirigeixin exclusivament a la posada en llibertat i vagin ineludiblement units a plans de conservaci\u00f3 i recuperaci\u00f3 in situ<\/i>, el que comporta una necess\u00e0ria prioritzaci\u00f3 en la seva gesti\u00f3 de les esp\u00e8cies aut\u00f2ctones. A m\u00e9s, tots aquests esfor\u00e7os i funcions es poden explicar al p\u00fablic, que les pot recon\u00e8ixer; es poden exhibir i un centre es pot sentir orgull\u00f3s d’elles i mostrar-les com a part de la seva aportaci\u00f3 a la societat en el seu conjunt i, de passada, augmentar la conscienciaci\u00f3 dels visitants en temes mediambientals i crear canals d’exposici\u00f3 que impliquen al p\u00fablic com a part del problema i de la soluci\u00f3.<\/p>\n

\"ojocritico<\/a><\/p>\n

De fet, tant la Llei 31\/2003 com la Guia “El Parque zool\u00f3gico,<\/i> un nuevo aliado de la biodiversidad<\/i> ” \u00e9s el que pretenen i proposen. Una altra cosa completament diferent \u00e9s que la majoria dels zoos que coneguem redueixin aquestes funcions al m\u00ednim legalment exigible i prevalguin els aspectes m\u00e9s comercials i estrictament econ\u00f2mics del seu negoci, contemplant-se m\u00e9s com una altra empresa dedicada a l’oci urb\u00e0 o de vacances i perdent de vista la potencialitat mediambiental de la seva activitat. Delfinaris, sessions fotogr\u00e0fiques, espectacles m\u00e9s o menys circenses amb rapinyaires o altres mam\u00edfers marins, activitats paral\u00b7leles de restauraci\u00f3, obertures nocturnes o lloguer \/ cessi\u00f3 d’animals per a rodatges publicitaris, cria de nous exemplars de “animals bandera” amb l\u2019\u00fanic fi d’atraure nous visitants i sense cap possibilitat de solta en llibertat ni aportaci\u00f3 a la recuperaci\u00f3 de l’esp\u00e8cie, incorporaci\u00f3 de m\u00e9s i m\u00e9s esp\u00e8cies ex\u00f2tiques com a reclam publicitari … ..ni s\u00f3n a la definici\u00f3 de zoo ni, de segur, s\u00f3n pr\u00f2pies d’un zoo.<\/p>\n

Hi ha alguns, encara pocs, que aix\u00ed ho han ent\u00e8s i desprenent-se de la seva antiga vestidura han adaptat la gesti\u00f3 dels seus animals i del seu centre als nous reptes mediambientals, oferint les seves capacitats i recursos per a la soluci\u00f3 de problemes, imbricant-se en les pol\u00edtiques mediambientals p\u00fabliques i privades i educant al p\u00fablic sobre valors de conservaci\u00f3 de la biodiversitat. Mantenen animals salvatges permanentment i el p\u00fablic els pot visitar. Pot ser que en el futur els categoritzem en un altre ep\u00edgraf per\u00f2 a dia d’avui s\u00f3n, per tant, un zoo. Probablement els \u00fanics que mereixin aquest nom.<\/p>\n

Autor:\u00a0<\/strong><\/strong>Alberto D\u00edez Michelena, Director de la\u00a0Associaci\u00f3 Nacional per a la Defensa dels Animals
\nBio Eco Actual Novembre 2016<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Habitualment sembla ser que a la concepció genèrica d’un zoo s’aplica, almenys per part d’aquelles persones preocupades amb aquests temes, una connotació negativa que es correspon paral·lelament amb una percepció positiva d’un centre de rescat.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":419,"featured_media":9971,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7164],"tags":[75,4811,1489],"class_list":["post-9974","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-actualitat","tag-animalismo","tag-animalismo-zoos","tag-zoos"],"yoast_head":"\nZoos s\u00ed, zoos no: una q\u00fcesti\u00f3 l\u00e8xica? 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