{"id":87870,"date":"2024-02-22T09:00:37","date_gmt":"2024-02-22T08:00:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bioecoactual.com\/?p=87870"},"modified":"2025-06-06T13:11:53","modified_gmt":"2025-06-06T11:11:53","slug":"lab-finds-92-unknown-compounds-in-synthetic-biology-milk","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bioecoactual.com\/en\/2024\/02\/22\/lab-finds-92-unknown-compounds-in-synthetic-biology-milk\/","title":{"rendered":"Lab finds 92 unknown compounds in synthetic biology milk"},"content":{"rendered":"

A laboratory recently discovered 92 unknown compounds<\/strong> in an alternative dairy product produced using a \u201cprecision fermentation\u201d process that involves the use of genetic engineering.<\/p>\n

\"unknown
\u00a9The Organic & Non-GMO Report<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Molecules unknown to science<\/h2>\n

Iowa-based Health Research Institute (HRI) tested a Bored Cow product, which is described as \u201ca milk alternative made with milk protein from fermentation instead of cows.\u201d Using full spectrum molecular analysis technology, HRI found 92 small molecules in the product that are unknown to science, according to John Fagan, chief science officer at HRI.<\/p>\n

\u201cThey\u2019re completely novel to our food,\u201d he says. \u201cThey are things that we haven\u2019t consumed as human beings.\u201d<\/p>\n

Fagan scanned scientific literature and databases to determine whether the molecules had nutritional or other beneficial properties and found nothing.<\/p>\n

\u201cI couldn\u2019t even find the scientific name for the vast majority of the molecules present in the Bored Cow product. They are nutritional dark matter,\u201d Fagan says.<\/p>\n

The unknown molecules could be nutrients or waste products generated during the fermentation process. Of the latter, Fagan says: \u201cYou don\u2019t necessarily want them in your food.\u201d<\/p>\n

By contrast, the compounds in cow\u2019s milk like vitamins, minerals, sugars, and carbohydrates are well known to be safe and nutritious, Fagan says.<\/p>\n

HRI\u2019s testing also found residues of a fungicide at a substantial level. Fagan thinks it may have been added to the fermentation process to prevent the growth of microorganisms during the production of the diary protein. But the fungicide carried over into the Bored Cow milk. Fungicides are used in agriculture to kill fungi. HRI tests foods for pesticide residues.<\/p>\n

Bored Cow did not respond to an email asking for their reaction to HRI\u2019s findings.<\/p>\n

Testing reveals unknown molecules and fungicide in Bored Cow dairy alternative<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

GMO \u201cmicroflora\u201d<\/h3>\n

Bored Cow milk alternative is made with an animal-free whey dairy protein from Perfect Day, which uses a synthetic biology process called \u201cprecision fermentation\u201d to make the protein. This involves taking a gene for whey protein and putting it into a genetically engineered yeast. Bored Cow and Perfect Day use the term \u201cmicroflora\u201d to avoid using \u201cgenetically engineered\u201d or \u201cGMO.\u201d The GMO yeast is then put into stainless steel fermentation tanks with sugar or high fructose corn syrup, water, and nutrients. The additional ingredients help the yeast grow and produce the protein. The GMO yeast is then filtered out, leaving the milk protein, which is purified and dried. Bored Cow then takes the milk protein, and adds vitamins, minerals, sugar, and other ingredients to give it the flavor and consistency of real milk.<\/p>\n

Perfect Day\u2019s whey dairy protein, which is called ProFerm\u2122, is used by a growing number of other food and ingredient companies, including Nestl\u00e9, Bel Group, Myprotein, Renewal Mill, and JuiceLand. Those companies use the protein to make dairy-free milk, chocolate, cream cheese, ice cream, and upcycled baking mixes.<\/p>\n

Bored Cow milk is \u201cstrikingly different\u201d from real milk<\/h4>\n

According to Fagan, the 92 unknown molecules \u201ccame along for the ride\u201d with Perfect Day\u2019s milk protein in the Bored Cow product.<\/p>\n

Perfect Day and Bored Cow both claim the milk protein is identical to the protein in cow\u2019s milk but HRI\u2019s tests found that the protein in Bored Cow\u2019s milk was mostly from the GMO yeast and not the milk protein.<\/p>\n

\u201cThe amino acid composition of the protein that\u2019s present in the Bored Cow milk is strikingly different from the amino acid composition of real milk,\u201d Fagan says. \u201cWe have data that shows this is the case.\u201d<\/p>\n

While Perfect Day says on its website that precision fermentation is a \u201cdecades old process,\u201d Fagan says the term is a misnomer.<\/p>\n

\u201cThe term \u2018precision fermentation\u2019 is not accurate,\u201d he says. \u201cOur research shows that it is far from precise.\u201d<\/p>\n

Findings dispute claims that synthetic biology-produced dairy protein is identical to real dairy protein<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

GMO DNA not removed<\/h4>\n

Both Perfect Day and Bored Cow claim their synbio products aren\u2019t GMOs because the GMO-derived \u201cmicroflora\u201d or yeast is removed during the fermentation process. Fagan calls that \u201cwishful thinking.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cThe (genetically engineered) DNA in these products is broken up or fragmented but is certainly still there,\u201d Fagan says.<\/p>\n

Further he says tests are being developed to detect the GMO DNA in synthetic biology products like Bored Cow.<\/p>\n

\u201cThe reality is that all that\u2019s required is to do a little bit of molecular biology and a GMO test can be developed for synbio products,\u201d says Fagan who pioneered creating laboratory tests for GMO corn and soybeans when they were first commercialized in the late 1990s.<\/p>\n

The presence of GMO DNA in Bored Cow and other synbio products would mean that they would have to be labeled under the U.S. Department of Agriculture\u2019s National Bioengineered Food Disclosure law. Right now, such products don\u2019t require labeling.<\/p>\n

No safety testing<\/h4>\n

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration doesn\u2019t require safety testing of the Bored Cow product or other synbio food products. But in Europe and Canada, the synbio milk\u2014with its 92 unknown compounds\u2014would be considered a novel food product and need to be safety tested before going on the market.<\/p>\n

\u201cThese products have gone on the market without the FDA requiring safety assessments of these compounds,\u201d Fagan says. \u201cThere needs to be long term safety tests before these products are put on the market.\u201d<\/p>\n

Bored Cow\u2019s products are being sold in retail supermarket and natural food chains such as Sprouts Farmers Market. Bored Cow, which is a brand of Tomorrow Farms, also promoted their milk alternative at Natural Products Expo East trade show in Philadelphia last September. The presence of synbio companies like Perfect Day and Bored Cow at Natural Product Expos East and West has been controversial as natural food industry members say the companies have no business exhibiting at a natural food event.<\/p>\n

Synbio industry based on flawed assumption<\/h4>\n

Synbio companies claim their products are more sustainable and climate-friendly. But Errol Schweizer, partner of food and agriculture at Impakt, IQ, asks several important questions about precision fermentation in an article in Forbes<\/em>: How much waste material will be produced from the synbio process and how will it be disposed of? How does the energy and resource usage of such products compare to competing animal-based items? Also, how can the use of high fructose corn syrup as a feedstock be sustainable when corn production in the U.S. is energy intensive and polluting?<\/p>\n

According to Fagan, the synthetic biology industry is being promoted on a flawed assumption. Investors in synbio companies\u2014which are being fueled by billions of dollars in venture capital\u2014are being told that synbio products like Bored Cow are created like software; that it\u2019s just a matter of programming the DNA like a computer. An article in FoodNavigator USA<\/em> even describes GMO yeasts being \u201cprogrammed\u201d to produce proteins. The problem is that the internal functioning of even the simplest organisms like a yeast is vastly more complex than computer programs.<\/p>\n

\u201cIt is a hollow analogy because it implies that you have the same kind of precise control in synthetic biology that you have programming a computer. It\u2019s much more complex,\u201d Fagan says. \u201cHere we have an example of 92 unpredicted compounds being produced, and only a trace of the whey protein that you really want. It\u2019s nothing like precision.\u201d<\/p>\n

Author:<\/strong>\u00a0Ken Roseboro.\u00a0Article republished with permission from The Organic & Non-GMO Report<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n

Subscribe<\/a>\u00a0to Bio Eco Actual Newsletter and be up to date with the latest news from the Organic Sector<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bio Eco Actual<\/strong>, International Organic Newspaper
\n<\/em>Read Bio Eco Actual<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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