{"id":94592,"date":"2024-09-13T08:47:17","date_gmt":"2024-09-13T06:47:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bioecoactual.com\/?p=94592"},"modified":"2024-09-13T08:47:17","modified_gmt":"2024-09-13T06:47:17","slug":"can-you-invent-maize-patents-threaten-access-to-seeds","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bioecoactual.com\/en\/2024\/09\/13\/can-you-invent-maize-patents-threaten-access-to-seeds\/","title":{"rendered":"Can you invent maize? Patents threaten access to seeds"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>According to European law, patents can only be granted on genetic engineering in plant breeding. Despite this, <strong>major seed companies have exploited legal loopholes and already obtained 200 patents on traditional breeding<\/strong>. Breeders need access to genetic material to address challenges such as pests, diseases and climate change. The current European patent system hinders their work, leading many to avoid using certain plant traits in fear of violating large companies&#8217; patents and risking patent infringements.<br \/>\n<!--more--><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_94586\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-94586\" style=\"width: 1000px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-94586 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bioecoactual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/maiz.jpg\" alt=\"maize\" width=\"1000\" height=\"664\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.bioecoactual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/maiz.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/www.bioecoactual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/maiz-768x510.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.bioecoactual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/maiz-633x420.jpg 633w, https:\/\/www.bioecoactual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/maiz-696x462.jpg 696w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-94586\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">123RFLimited\u00a9orestligetka<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>In 2022, the European Patent Office (EPO) granted a patent (EP 3380618) for cold-resistant maize to the German company KWS. They developed the maize using existing gene lines known for their cold tolerance and identified so-called marker-genes that can be used for screening and selecting the desired traits. Interestingly, tools such as CRISPR\/Cas are mentioned in the patent description even though they were not applied. <strong>This is a commonly used strategy abusing CRISPR\/Cas as a tool to appropriate the genetic resources of biological diversity needed for traditional plant breeding<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>This case shows that the detrimental effects of these patents can seriously impact the activities of traditional breeders, as they can no longer use the existing varieties to produce new and even better plant varieties. The impact of this patent is also relevant for organic maize breeders: KWS seeds are widely used for breeding maize varieties in both conventional and organic agriculture, meaning future breeding with several of these varieties will likely fall within the scope of the patent. <strong>As a result, NO PATENTS ON SEEDS! filed an opposition in 2023, an online hearing is scheduled for 15 October 2024<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Another patent by KWS (EP3560330) concerns maize with improved digestibility, intended primarily for animal feed, and also covers the use of naturally occurring gene variants for conventional breeding. Both patents breach Article 53(b), prohibiting patents on plant varieties and non-technical breeding methods.<\/p>\n<p>Patents, such as those granted on maize, <strong>endanger the diversity of plant breeding and present potential threats to long-term food security in Europe<\/strong>. It is crucial for the 39 member states of the EPO and the EU to intervene politically to ensure the accurate interpretation and enforcement of European patent laws in order to safeguard our agricultural heritage and to secure a sustainable future for generations to come.<\/p>\n<p><a tabindex=\"-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.no-patents-on-seeds.org\/en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-26586 td-animation-stack-type0-2\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bioecoactual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Logo.jpg\" alt=\"No a las patentes sobre semillas\" width=\"452\" height=\"108\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Author:\u00a0<\/strong>Johanna Eckhardt,\u00a0<a tabindex=\"-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.no-patents-on-seeds.org\/en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">No Patents on Seeds!<\/a>\u00a0project coordinator.<\/p>\n<p><strong><a tabindex=\"-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bioecoactual.com\/en\/subscription\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Subscribe<\/a>\u00a0to Bio Eco Actual Newsletter and be up to date with the latest news from the Organic Sector<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Bio Eco Actual<\/strong>, International Organic Newspaper<br \/>\n<\/em><strong><a tabindex=\"-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bioecoactual.com\/en\/newspaper-library\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Read Bio Eco Actual<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>According to European law, patents can only be granted on genetic engineering in plant breeding. Despite this, major seed companies have exploited legal loopholes and already obtained 200 patents on traditional breeding. Breeders need access to genetic material to address challenges such as pests, diseases and climate change. The current European patent system hinders their [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":419,"featured_media":94588,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5210,8349],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-94592","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-latest-organic-news","category-organic-policy-regulation"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.0 (Yoast SEO v28.0) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Can you invent maize? 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